A bout de souffle

Breathless
By Jean Luc Godard

Patricia says 'I'm not sure if I'm unhappy cause I'm not free, or I'm not free because I'm unhappy.'

Les quatre cents coups

The 400 Blows
By Francois Truffaut

A boy's struggle to obey parents and school rules, when all he wants is going to cinema all the time and become independent.

The Big Lebowski

The Big Lebowski

by Joel Coen

The amazing cast such as Jeff Bridges, Julienne Moore, John Goodman and Steve Buscemi, already tells a lot, but it is even funnier than expected. There's a good deal about rugs, bowling, kidnappers and porn... Good fun guaranteed.

Best mates Jeff, Walter and Danny love bowling

Die Welle

Neo-Nazism

What did the Germans think?

In 2008 a German movie was made concerning fascism, called Die Welle (The Wave) by director Dennis Gansel. The film expresses feelings about fascism, morals and the possibility of a dictatorship in the modern Germany. In the story a teacher tries to explain to his students what fascism is by brainwashing them and making them try it themselves. By the end of the week the soft emotions of connection between young people turn to a violent catastrophe.

Inglourious Basterds

Inglourious Basterds by Quentin Tarantino (2009)

Inglourious Basterds (2009)

Brief summery:

  The movie is divided in 5 chapters. The first four is an introduction of the numerous characters such as the team of the Basterds, Shosanna, Colonel Landa and the “Bear Jew”. In the last chapter these storylines run together towards the end, in which the whole Nazi leadership is going to explode. The irony of the ending is that the audience knows it wasn't the historical way Hitler died.

Inglorious Bastards (1978)

Based on:
  It is a remake of the 1978 Italian comedy-drama war film Inglorious Bastards by Enzo G. Castellari. However, apart from the title the plot had been slightly changed as well. 

 Music:  

There are many soundtracks in the movie, however, especially significant is the one in a climactic scene. The lyrics start when we see the first image appears on screen and each line is synchronized with the change of shots. 

The song Cat People (Putting Out Fire) by David Bowie (who wrote the lyrics and sings the lead vocals as well) had been already used in the history of film.It was the theme music of the American remake of 1942 film 'Cat People' about a female were-cat (played by Nastassja Kinski) released in 1982.

Le Gamaare:

The cinema's name in the movie.
In India: A housewife's 25 young lover, Ganare. They both planned to take revenge on the husband and his family by stealing their money and then disappear. The police caught them before it happened.
 You can also read an article about the story on the website of Daily News & Analysis.
If it was the resource for the name, it can be in parallel with Shoshanna's love for Marcel and their revenge on the Nazis, and then Shoshanna's death by the German soldier who was in love with her.

Amores Perros

Amores Perros 

by Alejandro Gonzales Inarritu

Amor es perros - love is a bitch. Perros also means dogs, which play a particularly important role in the web of stories. This is no pet movie though, some scenes contain visual which might be hard to watch.

Key Frames

La Haine

La Haine 

by Mathieu Kassovitz

Three young friends

Themes
The story is seemingly about three friends from the estates, but beneath the surface we recognise criticisms of the whole society. 'The film-makers need to show the boredom of everyday life for young unemployed people living in the working class satellite towns around Paris.' The strong anti-police attitude is such a distinguishable element of this period, which still affects French cinema today.

Editing
  Editing is what divides this stylish film from a simple documentary or community project. The film-makers draw clear metaphors between reality and other texts, such as the recurring image of falling.

   'A single static shot of our three central characters sitting equidistant from each other in a bleak, waste area is held for some time and then a flash-forward edit is used to a shot of the same the characters in the same space but occupying slightly different positions within the frame. Because they have moved slightly, we experience the cut as 'jump', a jump forward than in time. It is the combination of holding the initial shot for longer than we might normally expect and then using a distinctive editing cut that ensures the required meaning is conveyed clearly and effectively to the viewer.' The confusion is often reinforced by the blurring of reality with hallucinations, such as the cow walking on the streets of the estate.

Colours:
   The scene in the art gallery is a very important mosaic piece in the panoramic picture of Paris. The city today is considered to be the capital of culture and art in Europe. However, in this film it is represented rather negatively through the perspective of the poor and neglected members of society. The setting itself, the white walls and the simplistic design of the building, recalls the London gallery of the snobbish American artist Whistler, whose 1883 exhibition was a milestone in presenting art. The colour white gives a cold, sterile, unwelcoming sense to the environment, where the characters really feel out of place. The artefacts in the room ghostly remind us to those infamous works of modern art made by painters such as Marcel Duchamp and Le Corbusier, who follows this idea of creating exclusive, elitist art for a small, sophisticated audience. The divisive  racist connotations of the colour white still live in many relics of the 20th century, such as the marble monuments of Mussolini in Rome. What is relevant in the context of this film is the strong sense of alienation. The above associations suggest that the director intended to make a mockery of the artistic, wealthy Parisian elite.

Resources:

• AS Film Studies (2008) by Sarah Casey Benyahia, Freddie Gaffney and John White
• The History of Art in Three Colours. Episode 3: White. (2012) BBC, presented by Dr James Fox

E. T. vs Paul

How far do these two  films portray themes and ideas in similar ways?

The compared movies are E.T. (1982) by Steven Spielberg (Indiana Jones), an American blockbuster family movie and the British-American Paul (2011) by Greg Mottola (Superbad) which was a less popular recent film written by British comedy geniuses Simon Pegg and Nick Frost. Although there is almost 30 years between the films, it seems that our expectations of a funny green man nearly haven’t changed at all.

Similarities in both plots:

Earthlings befriend an alien who is very intelligent and humanlike. The extra-terrestrial has to flee from government, scientists etc and urgently must return home. They get more allies to help the alien board a spaceship. Both narratives are built on a linear structure and there is only a minimal use of flashbacks.

Difference:

E.T. is set in the beautiful California among cosy family homes, the main characters are children (Elliott, Gertie, Michael). In comparison, Paul tells the story of the pilgrimage of two British sci-fi comic book nerds (Clive and Graeme) who decide to travel the most famous UFO areas of the USA.

Representation:

 E.T. establishes the idyllic scene of the American family home therefore gives hints about American dream with references as The Quiet Man (John Wayne and Maureen O’Hara) and simple children’s programs like the Sesame Street. The mother as main authority of the children appears in a kind of distance from the imaginative childish world. Similarly, in Paul there is a father chasing his daughter across the desert to save her. Although, the characters in Paul are adults they act very childish in some cases: shiver when they have to kiss a girl or they need a diaper when they get scared. However, it could be agreed that the main values in both movies are friendship and family relationships.

 Both extraterrestrials look very much alike (small, skinny, bulbous-bellied, reptilian and wrinkled with four long thin fingers, a huge head and large eyes). And apart from the ability to heal and revive creatures they have other special powers as well such as telekinesis and becoming invisible for a while. It is also evident that both films portray aliens as intelligent creature with the ability to learn to speak.

The theme of aliens on Earth:

E.T. is set in the ‘80s of America, where sci-fi is already a popular genre (the film came out after Star Wars first release) but aliens are stereotypically defined as ‘little green men’. Although many people believe in aliens it is contradictory to many global religious ideas such as Jesus. On the other hand, Paul pictures the 21th century cult of sci-fi, where people act childish and sometimes wear awkward costumes. In the colourful parade of ComiC on we see many references to other movies such as Star Trek, Star Wars and many other sci-fi.  But sci-fi fans discover as stylistically hidden references in Paul such as the music scene in the bar from Star Wars and Paul’s wish for Reese’s Pieces, which chocolate was  the one that Elliott used as a trail to lead E.T. to his home. In a flashback we also see Paul in a dungeon having a conversation on the phone with director Steven Spielberg and gives him the idea to use healing power in the movie. We also see Sigourney Weaver (known from movies like Alien and Avatar) appearing as a vicious federal agent in the end.There are also some similarities with some of Spielberg’s earlier work such as horror Night Skies and Close Encounters of the Third Kind in both movies.

Friendship

The relationship of humans and extraterrestrials is an important part of both movies. In E.T. there is also a physical bond between Elliott and the alien, but we can see Paul giving knowledge to his saviours by touch. Ironically the arrival of the alien from outer space makes the family stronger on Earth, brings brothers and sisters closer as it does make the friendship of the two nerds Graeme and Clive better.

Humanity

It is an interesting that these two aliens created in different times have no intention to invade our planet or to do any harm at all. In fact the most dangerous creatures are the humans themselves, the blind authority, the scientist who try to investigate things to closely and the federal agents who would kill to cover proof of any UFOs. It seems that the false judgement of humans makes us weaker over the intelligent aliens.

Being an alien

While in E.T. a child who came from a one-parent family feels for a disorientated, lost creature and tries to help him, in Paul the situation is slightly more twisted. Aliens are also the weird British in a sense of being on vacation in the USA and they just feel completely out of place. In fact the extraterrestrial, Paul is the one who helps them to melt  in the crowd a little easier having spent 50 years in America, even though in a military dungeon. He shows the two tourists how to enjoy themselves while they are away from England.

Home

Both movies end with the classic resolution: the extra-terrestrial’s return home. What happens on Earth after is less clear but in both movies there is a kind of resolution that makes the viewers happier. In Paul we follow the Graeme and Clive to ComiC Con a year later and the change is obvious: they are not only tourists anymore, they return home to the US, to the weird world of sci-fi fans where they became celebrated writers.

Son of Rambow (2007)

Son of Rambow

• British comedy
• actors: Bill Milner, Will Poulter, Jules Sitruk
• director: Garth Jennings (The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy)
• year: 2007
• company: Paramount Vantage, Celluloid Dreams Production, Good a co production, Arte France Cinema, Network Movie, Soficinema 2&3, Hammer & Tongs

Themes:

• friendship of 2 boys from high school (Lee Carter and Will)
• friendship between the French and English boys
• different background: religious family vs average non-religious
• lack of parents
• filmmaking (BBC ScreenTest)
• England in the ‘80s
• movies and their influence on children (Rambo - First Blood)

Comedy elements

• slapstick
• stereotypes (French vs English)
• builds on a well-known character (Rambo)
• childish imagination (animated parts)

Narrative Structure: linear  forward (few flashbacks)

Propp’s Theory (8 spheres of action):

• Hero: Lee Carter (Will Poulter) and Will (Bill Milner) - director and writer of movie
• False Hero: Didier Revol (Jules Sitrouk) - French student who wants to be a star
• Villain: Joshua is leader of the religious group who tries to replace the father and keep Will away from the real world
• Princess: the video/ story that needs to be finished
• Dispatcher: BBC Screen Test competition
• Donor: Lee’s brother -  helps them to finish the video
• Helper: students from school
• Father: Will’s mum understands his son’s intentions